Metoclopramid virker prim\u00e6rt som en dopamin D2-receptorantagonist i det centrale nervesystem, hvilket fremmer gastrointestinal motilitet ved at \u00f8ge muskelsammentr\u00e6kninger i mave-tarmkanalen. Stoffet \u00f8ger tonus i den nedre esofageale sphincter, hvilket reducerer reflux. Derudover stimulerer det slimhindens bev\u00e6gelse i maves\u00e6kken og \u00f8ger ventriklens t\u00f8mningshastighed.<\/p>\n
Metoclopramid benyttes ved gastro\u00f8sofageal reflukssygdom (GERD), for at lette symptomer ved forsinket ventrikelt\u00f8mning f.eks. gastroparese samt som forebyggelse og behandling af kvalme og opkastning for\u00e5rsaget af kemoterapi, str\u00e5lebehandling eller postoperativt. Det anvendes ogs\u00e5 ved diagnostiske procedurer s\u00e5som r\u00f8ntgenunders\u00f8gelser af spiser\u00f8ret og mavetarmkanalen for at forbedre billedkvaliteten gennem \u00f8get motilitet.<\/p>\n
Metoclopramid administreres typisk oralt, intramuskul\u00e6rt eller intraven\u00f8st. Den anbefalede dosering varierer med indikation og patientens alder, men for voksne er den s\u00e6dvanligvis 10 mg tre til fire gange dagligt. Behandlingens varighed b\u00f8r begr\u00e6nses til maksimalt 5 dage for at minimere risikoen for bivirkninger. Dosis skal justeres ved nyresvigt for at undg\u00e5 akkumulation.<\/p>\n
Metoclopramid absorberes hurtigt efter oral administration med en biotilg\u00e6ngelighed p\u00e5 ca. 80%. Maksimale plasmakoncentrationer opn\u00e5s inden for 1-2 timer. Stoffet underg\u00e5r levermetabolisme, prim\u00e6rt via CYP2D6-isoenzymet, og udskilles hovedsageligt via nyrerne b\u00e5de som uomdannet stof og metabolitter. Halveringstiden ligger typisk p\u00e5 5-6 timer, men kan forl\u00e6nges ved nedsat nyrefunktion.<\/p>\n
Metoclopramid kan for\u00e5rsage extrapyramidale symptomer s\u00e5som dystoni, parkinsonisme og akatisi, is\u00e6r ved unge patienter og h\u00f8jere doser. Andre CNS-relaterede bivirkninger inkluderer somnolens, tr\u00e6thed og i sj\u00e6ldne tilf\u00e6lde depression eller agitation. Risikoen for tardiv dyskinesi \u00f8ges ved l\u00e6ngerevarende brug over flere uger eller m\u00e5neder.<\/p>\n
Metoclopramid kan interagere med antipsykotika og andre dopaminantagonister, hvilket kan forst\u00e6rke extrapyramidale bivirkninger. Kombination med digoxin kan \u00f8ge digoxins plasmakoncentration p\u00e5 grund af \u00e6ndret tarmmotilitet. Samtidig behandling med sedativa eller alkohol kan forst\u00e6rke CNS-depressive effekter. Metoclopramid kan reducere effekten af l\u00e6gemidler, der kr\u00e6ver langsom ventrikel-t\u00f8mning for optimal absorption.<\/p>\n
Metoclopramid m\u00e5 ikke anvendes ved gastrointestinal obstruktion, h\u00e6morragisk tilstand i mavetarmkanalen eller perforation. Det er kontraindiceret ved epilepsi eller anden kendt overf\u00f8lsomhed for metoclopramid eller hj\u00e6lpestoffer. Vedfejlagtig brug kan forv\u00e6rre tilstande med \u00f8get intrakranielt tryk eller hvor dopaminantagonisme kan v\u00e6re skadelig.<\/p>\n
Metoclopramid har evnen til at h\u00e6mme dopamininduceret prolaktinsekretion, hvilket kan f\u00f8re til forh\u00f8jede prolaktinniveauer. Dette kan disponere for galaktor\u00e9, menstruationsforstyrrelser og gyn\u00e6komasti hos m\u00e6nd. Effekten p\u00e5 prolaktin er dosisafh\u00e6ngig og reversibel ved seponering af l\u00e6gemidlet.<\/p>\n
Metoclopramid tabletter b\u00f8r opbevares ved stuetemperatur, v\u00e6k fra fugt og direkte sollys for at bevare stabiliteten. V\u00e6ske- og injektionsformuleringer skal opbevares i henhold til producentens anvisninger, ofte ved k\u00f8lig temperatur. U\u00e5bnede emballager b\u00f8r anvendes inden for angivet udl\u00f8bsdato for at sikre optimal effekt og sikkerhed.<\/p>\n
Eldre patienter har \u00f8get risiko for bivirkninger, specielt CNS-effekter og extrapyramidale symptomer, hvorfor lavere dosering anbefales. Patienter med nedsat nyrefunktion kr\u00e6ver dosisjustering, da stoffet udskilles via nyrerne. Gravide b\u00f8r kun behandles hvis fordelene opvejer potentielle risici, da metoclopramid passerer placenta. Ammende kvinder b\u00f8r v\u00e6re opm\u00e6rksomme p\u00e5 minimal udskillelse i moderm\u00e6lk.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Metoclopramide is een medicijn met de werkzame stof metoclopramide. Het wordt ook wel verkocht onder namen zoals Primperan en Reglan. Dit medicijn helpt bij misselijkheid, braken en problemen met de maag. Het zorgt ervoor dat het voedsel beter door de maag en darmen gaat.<\/p>\n
De Metoclopramide prijs is ongeveer 0.55 \u20ac – 0.82 \u20ac per pillen. Het hangt af van de grootte van de verpakking en de hoeveelheid actief ingredi\u00ebnt (60 of 360 mg).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":550,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[114],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-551","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-gastrointestinal","7":"desktop-align-left","8":"tablet-align-left","9":"mobile-align-left","11":"first","12":"instock","13":"shipping-taxable","14":"product-type-external"},"lang":"nl","translations":{"nl":551},"pll_sync_post":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dokterderuyter.be\/online\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/551","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dokterderuyter.be\/online\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dokterderuyter.be\/online\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dokterderuyter.be\/online\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=551"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dokterderuyter.be\/online\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/550"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dokterderuyter.be\/online\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=551"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dokterderuyter.be\/online\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=551"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dokterderuyter.be\/online\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=551"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dokterderuyter.be\/online\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=551"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}